United States•North America

Open

SB-1 — Returning Resident (SB-1)

Work PR PathwayThis visa can lead to permanent residency, the right to live and work here indefinitely without renewing your visa. Remote Work

At a Glance

Processing Time

3–6 months

Estimated Cost

$385 USD

Varies by filing options

Stay Duration

Indefinite

Not renewable

Renewal

Not renewable

Family

No dependents

PR Pathway

Yes

Sponsor

No job offer needed

Work

Remote work OK

Official Information

Living in United States

Cost of Living

Baseline

Avg Salary$51,000

Quality of Life

186/200

Full Country Guide

Overview

Lawful permanent residents who remained abroad for over 1 year due to circumstances beyond their control, seeking to return.

The SB-1 is a US immigrant visa for lawful permanent residents who remained abroad for more than one year due to circumstances beyond their control. It allows them to reenter and resume LPR status without reapplying for an immigrant visa from scratch.

Applicants file Form DS-117 ($180) to establish returning resident status, then DS-260 ($205) for the immigrant visa. Processing takes 3–6 months; apply at least 3 months before intended travel. Upon re-entry, the holder resumes full LPR status permanently.

This visa is ideal for LPRs stranded abroad by medical emergency, employment obligations, or other uncontrollable circumstances who need to reclaim their US permanent residence.

Curious about life in the United States?

Discover cost of living, salary benchmarks, tax rates, and quality of life — everything you need to know before you make the move.

Explore Guide

Cost Breakdown

DS-260 Immigrant Visa Application fee$205 USD

DS-117 Application to Determine Returning Resident Status fee$180 USD

Medical examination and vaccinations—

Total$385 USD

Stay & Extensions

Status type

Permanent / indefinite

Requirements

PUBLISHED REQUIREMENTS

Must have held lawful permanent resident (LPR) or conditional resident status at time of departure

Must have departed the U.S. intending to return and not abandoned that intention

Extended stay outside the U.S. must have been caused by circumstances beyond the applicant's control

Must be returning from what was originally intended as a temporary trip abroad

REQUIRED DOCUMENTS

Permanent Resident Card (Form I-551 / Green Card)

Re-entry Permit (Form I-327), if available

Evidence of travel dates (airline tickets, passport stamps)

Proof of U.S. ties (tax returns, family connections, social ties in the U.S.)

Documentation showing extended absence was beyond applicant's control (e.g., medical records, employer records)

Valid foreign passport

Advantages & Considerations

Key Benefits

Allows LPRs to return and resume permanent residence after an extended absence without forfeiting status
Preserves qualification for U.S. citizenship and naturalization
Resumes full LPR rights including unrestricted work authorization upon re-entry
Special exception for spouses and children of U.S. Armed Forces members or civilian government employees stationed abroad

Worth Knowing

Must apply at least 3 months before intended travel — processing takes substantial time
Consular officer has broad discretion; approval is not guaranteed
Must convincingly demonstrate the extended absence was involuntary and that U.S. residence was not abandoned
If denied due to apparent abandonment of residence, applicant may need to apply for a new immigrant visa under their original immigration basis
Medical examination and vaccinations are required as part of the process
Does not apply to holders of non-immigrant or temporary visas

Application Process

Contact the nearest U.S. Embassy or Consulate at least 3 months before intended travel

Submit Form DS-117 (Application to Determine Returning Resident Status)

Attend required in-person interview at the embassy or consulate

If DS-117 is approved, complete Form DS-260 (Immigrant Visa Application)

Undergo required medical examination and vaccinations

Application Forms

DS-117 Application to Determine Returning Resident Status	Fill online
DS-260 Immigrant Visa and Alien Registration Application	Fill online

Verified Claims (22)

Last verified May 30, 2026

Application Steps

Contact the nearest U.S. Embassy or Consulate at least 3 months before intended travel; Submit Form …

travel.state.gov

Fee Breakdown

DS-260 Immigrant Visa Application fee: 205 USD; DS-117 Application to Determine Returning Resident S…

travel.state.gov

Fees

$205 immigrant visa application fee (DS-260); $180 DS-117 processing fee; medical examination and va…

travel.state.gov

Forms

DS-117; DS-260

travel.state.gov

Forms · DS-117 · description

Application to Determine Returning Resident Status

eforms.state.gov

Forms · DS-117 · url

https://eforms.state.gov/Forms/ds117.PDF

eforms.state.gov

Forms · DS-260 · description

Immigrant Visa and Alien Registration Application

travel.state.gov

Included Nationalities

—

travel.state.gov

Official Information

Living in United States

Cost of Living

Baseline

Avg Salary$51,000

Quality of Life

186/200

Full Country Guide

Ready to see if the SB-1 — Returning Resident (SB-1) is your visa path?

Discover how your answers compare with the published requirements. 2 minutes. Free trial.

Start Visa Discovery

Overview

Lawful permanent residents who remained abroad for over 1 year due to circumstances beyond their control, seeking to return.

This visa is ideal for LPRs stranded abroad by medical emergency, employment obligations, or other uncontrollable circumstances who need to reclaim their US permanent residence.

Requirements

PUBLISHED REQUIREMENTS

Must have held lawful permanent resident (LPR) or conditional resident status at time of departure

Must have departed the U.S. intending to return and not abandoned that intention

Extended stay outside the U.S. must have been caused by circumstances beyond the applicant's control

Must be returning from what was originally intended as a temporary trip abroad

REQUIRED DOCUMENTS

Permanent Resident Card (Form I-551 / Green Card)

Re-entry Permit (Form I-327), if available

Evidence of travel dates (airline tickets, passport stamps)

Proof of U.S. ties (tax returns, family connections, social ties in the U.S.)

Documentation showing extended absence was beyond applicant's control (e.g., medical records, employer records)

Valid foreign passport

Advantages & Considerations

Key Benefits

Allows LPRs to return and resume permanent residence after an extended absence without forfeiting status
Preserves qualification for U.S. citizenship and naturalization
Resumes full LPR rights including unrestricted work authorization upon re-entry
Special exception for spouses and children of U.S. Armed Forces members or civilian government employees stationed abroad

Worth Knowing

Must apply at least 3 months before intended travel — processing takes substantial time
Consular officer has broad discretion; approval is not guaranteed
Must convincingly demonstrate the extended absence was involuntary and that U.S. residence was not abandoned
If denied due to apparent abandonment of residence, applicant may need to apply for a new immigrant visa under their original immigration basis
Medical examination and vaccinations are required as part of the process
Does not apply to holders of non-immigrant or temporary visas

Application Process